The HLA-DQB1 gene polymorphisms associated with cervical cancer risk: A meta-analysis

Human leukocyte antigens (HLA) alleles may affect the development of cervical cancer through immunologic control of human papillomavirus (HPV). The association between HLA-DQB1 alleles and risk of cervical cancer has been extensively studied, but the results obtained remain inconsistent. To explore a more extensive role of HLA-DQB1 alleles on cervical cancer risk, we carried out a meta-analysis including 4862 cases and 8988 controls from 22 published studies. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess the strength of the association. The overall results suggested that HLA-DQB1*02 (OR = 0.91, 95% CI = 0.82–0.99), *03 (OR = 0.85, 95% CI = 0.74–0.97) and *0603 (OR = 0.62, 95% CI = 0.53–0.72) had a significantly association with decreased cervical cancer risk. In contrast, DQB1*05 (OR = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.01–1.38), *0301 (OR = 1.14, 95% CI = 1.06–1.23) and *0402 (OR = 1.31, 95% CI = 1.04–1.64) conferred a significantly higher risk to cervical cancer. Moreover, a significantly association with increased or decreased cervical cancer risk was found among Europeans and Asians after stratification of the HLA-DQB1 alleles by ethnicity. These findings supported that the HLA-DQB1 alleles may contribute to genetic susceptibility of cervical cancer. Further studies with a greater number of cases are expected to confirm our results.     

影响LEEP治疗宫颈上皮内瘤变预后的因素分析

目的:探讨影响宫颈环状电切术(loop electrosurgical excision procedure,LEEP)治疗宫颈上皮内瘤变(cervical intraepithelial neoplasia,CIN)的预后因素。方法:2011年8月至2013年12月选择在我院进行诊治的宫颈上皮内瘤变患者170例,都给予LEEP治疗,观察术后疗效及其不良反应发生情况。结果:所有患者都完成LEEP术,有效率为94.7%;发生不良反应14例,发生率为8.2%,都经过对症处理后好转。Logistic回归模型进行分析结果显示年龄、CIN分级、宫颈糜烂状况是影响宫颈上皮内瘤变预后的主要独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论:LEEP治疗宫颈上皮内瘤变具有很好的预后疗效,不良反应较少,影响其预后的因素主要为年龄、疾病分级与宫颈糜烂状况。     

基于网络药理学和分子对接探讨地稔治疗宫颈癌的分子机制＊

目的 运用网络药理学方法探索地稔治疗宫颈癌的潜在作用机制。方法 通过检索相关文献得到地稔化学成分并筛选出地稔的活性成分，利用SwissTargetPrediction平台预测活性成分的潜在靶点。利用Genecards数据库检索宫颈癌相关靶点。利用Cytoscape3.7.2软件构建“地稔-活性成分-宫颈癌靶点”网络，并运用String数据库构建蛋白互作网络（protein-protein interaction，PPI）。使用OmicShare Tools数据库进行基因本体（Gene Ontology，GO）分析和京东基因与基因组百科全书（Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes，KEGG）富集分析。结果 得到地稔中活性成分28个、活性成分靶点420个、宫颈癌靶点150个，最后获得关键靶点7个，与地稔治疗宫颈癌显著相关的信号通路20条。地稔的主要活性成分为3-甲氧基鞣花酸、柚皮素、芹菜素等。地稔治疗宫颈癌关键靶点为STAT3、PIK3CA、AKT1、ESR1等；关键的生物进程和通路可能包括免疫系统过程、转录调节活性、内分泌与代谢相关信号通路、细胞周期信号转导通路等。另外，3-甲氧基鞣花酸成剂量依赖性地抑制人宫颈癌细胞Hela细胞的增殖。结论 本研究通过筛选发现地稔治疗宫颈癌的关键靶点及通路与细胞信号转导、细胞的增殖、分化、凋亡以及免疫调节等过程密切相关。因此，3-甲氧基鞣花酸可能主要通过影响宫颈癌细胞增殖和凋亡，从而达到治疗宫颈癌的目的。     

Investigating the possible impact of peritoneal tumor exposure amongst women with early stage cervical cancer treated with minimally invasive approach

IntroductionRecent findings show a detrimental impact of the minimally invasive approach on patients with early stage cervical cancer (ECC). Reasons beyond these results are unclear. The aim of the present article is to investigate the possible role of peritoneal contamination during intracorporeal colpotomy.Methodspatients with early stage cervical cancer were divided into 2 groups: no intraperitoneal exposure (N-IPE) intraperitoneal exposure (IPE) during minimally invasive surgery. Patients of the 2 groups were propensity-matched according to the major risk factors.Results226 cases of the IPE group had a significant worst prognosis than the 142 cases of the N-IPE group (4.5-years disease free survival: 86.6% vs 95.9% respectively, p = 0.005), while N-IPE had similar survival to open surgery (4.5-years disease free survival: 95.0% vs 90.5% respectively, p = 0.164). Distant recurrence was more frequent among IPE patients with a borderline significance (3.5% vs 0.4% among IPE and N-IPE respectively, p = 0.083). On multivariate analysis, intraperitoneal tumor exposure was an independent prognostic factors for worse survival; patients belonging to the N-IPE group had a risk of recurrence of about 3-fold lower compared to patients of the IPE group (hazard ratio: 0.37, 95% confidence interval: 0.15–0.88, p = 0.025).Conclusionit would be advisable that further prospective studies investigating the efficacy of different surgical approach in ECC take into consideration of this issue. Moreover, all other measures that could potentially prevent peritoneal exposure of tumor should be adopted during minimally invasive surgery for early stage cervical cancer to provide higher survival outcomes.     

南方红豆杉多糖对宫颈癌细胞增殖及凋亡的影响

〔摘 要〕 目的：探究南方红豆杉多糖对宫颈癌 HeLa 细胞株增殖、凋亡的影响及其作用机制。方法：经体外培养并取 对数生长期人宫颈癌 HeLa 细胞，分别予以不同浓度红豆杉多糖（30、60、90、120 μmol·L-1），将其设为四组，并设对照 组加入等量 0.9 % 氯化钠溶液。应用 MTT 法检测细胞增殖情况，流式法检测细胞凋亡情况，Western blot 法检测 Survivin、 Caspase–3、Bcl–2、P53 蛋 白 表 达 情 况。 结果： 与 对 照 组 相 比，30 μmol·L-1 组、60 μmol·L-1 组、90 μmol·L-1 组、 120 μmol·L-1 组的宫颈癌 HeLa 细胞增殖抑制率、细胞凋亡率显著升高，差异具有统计学意义（P ＜ 0.05）。P53 蛋白表达 量明显升高，Survivin、Bcl–2、Caspase–3 蛋白表水平显著降低，差异具有统计学意义（P ＜ 0.05）。结论：南方红豆杉多糖 可抑制宫颈癌 HeLa 细胞增殖，促进细胞凋亡，其作用机制可能与下调 Survivin、Bcl–2、Caspase–3 表达，上调 P53 表达有关。     

Vestibular dysfunction in patients with auditory neuropathy detected by vestibular evoked myogenic potentials

ObjectivesThis study aimed to determine vestibular involvement in patients with auditory neuropathy (AN) using ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potential (oVEMP), cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potential (cVEMP), caloric tests, video Head Impulse Tests (vHIT), and Suppression Head Impulse Paradigm (SHIMP) tests.MethodsTwenty-two patients with AN (study group) and 50 age-and-gender-matched healthy subjects (control group) were enrolled. All patients underwent air-conducted sound oVEMP and cVEMP tests. In the study group, 20 patients underwent a caloric test, 10 patients underwent a video Head Impulse Test (vHIT), and nine patients underwent the Suppression Head Impulse Paradigm (SHIMP) test.ResultsSignificant differences in VEMP abnormalities were found between the two groups. Most AN patients showed no VEMP response, while only a few patients showed VEMP responses with normal parameters. Some AN patients presented abnormal VEMP parameters, including thresholds, latencies, and amplitudes. The abnormal rate (including no response and abnormal parameters) was 91% in the cVEMP test and 86% in the oVEMP test. No significant difference was found between oVEMP and cVEMP abnormalities. AN patients exhibited a 70% abnormal rate in the caloric test. Most AN patients showed normal VOR gains. Most patients showed no overt corrective saccades in vHIT, and exhibited normal anticompensatory saccades in the SHIMP test.ConclusionMany AN patients experience vestibular dysfunction, which may be detected by using a vestibular functional test battery.SignificanceVEMP abnormalities might reflect the status and degree of vestibular involvement in AN.     

宫颈癌图像引导三维近距离后装治疗中国专家共识

近年来宫颈癌三维近距离治疗(BT)技术在中国得到快速发展。与二维技术相比,宫颈癌图像引导的三维BT技术可以提高局控率、生存率。三维BT要求用体积剂量参数评价治疗靶区及危及器官受量,探索体积剂量参数与局控率、并发症发生率之间关系。BT开始时肿瘤残留体积及形状与局控率有明确相关性,应当结合MRI、超声、妇科检查结果,综合判断残留肿瘤体积。腔内联合组织间插植技术可以改善靶区剂量分布。严格遵守靶区勾画、体积剂量原则以及质控要求。为规范其应用,中华医学会放射治疗学分会近距离治疗学组、中国医师协会放射肿瘤分会妇科肿瘤学组、中国抗癌协会近距离治疗专委会结合中国国情联合制定此专家共识。     

早期宫颈癌组织中ATG-12表达与HPV16-E6/E7-DNA病毒载量及预后的关系

目的探讨早期宫颈癌组织中自噬相关蛋白-12(ATG-12)与人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)16-E6/E7-DNA病毒载量及预后的关系。方法选取2015年1月至2017年12月期间在安徽皖北煤电集团总医院保存的宫颈活检或手术切除宫颈组织203例,包括30例慢性宫颈炎、18例宫颈上皮内瘤变(CIN)Ⅰ、23例CINⅡ、26例CINⅢ和106例早期(ⅠA2~ⅡB期)宫颈鳞状上皮癌(CSCC)。采用巢式多重聚合酶链式反应(NM-PCR)和免疫组化染色SP法检测组织中HPV 16-E6/E7-DNA病毒载量和ATG-12蛋白表达。分析ATG-12蛋白表达与早期CSCC临床病理特征的关系。随访CSCC患者无瘤生存时间(DFS)。采用Cox风险比例回归模型分析影响CSCC预后的因素。结果CSCC组织ATG-12蛋白阳性表达率为26.42%(28/106),低于慢性宫颈炎和CIN组织(P<0.05)。ATG-12蛋白表达与HPV16-E6/E7-DNA病毒载量呈负相关(r=-0.306,P=0.001;r=-0.436,P=0.001)。ATG-12蛋白表达与FIGO分期、间质浸润、淋巴脉管间隙浸润、淋巴结转移有关(P<0.05)。随访11~64个月,ATG-12蛋白阳性表达患者5年无瘤生存率为78.57%(22/28),ATG-12蛋白表达阴性患者5年无瘤生存率为60.26%(47/78)。多因素Cox风险回归模型结果显示,HPV16-E6/E7-DNA病毒载量和ATG-12蛋白表达是影响患者DFS的独立预后因素(P<0.05)。结论早期宫颈鳞状上皮癌组织中ATG-12阳性表达率低,与HPV16-E6/E7-DNA病毒载量呈负相关,有望成为评估HPV阳性早期宫颈癌患者预后的重要指标。     

Is it necessary to place screws in the intervening vertebrae in two-level anterior cervical discectomy with fusion and plating?

ObjectiveThe clinical outcomes, radiological parameters, complication rate and the cost of implants in two-level ACDF with and without screws in the intervening segment were compared.MethodsA retrospective study of 68 patients who underwent 2-level ACDF from January 2014 to June 2016 was performed. The patients were divided into two groups: ACDF with screws in the intervening vertebra and those without screws in the intervening vertebra. Perioperative factors, clinical outcomes, postoperative complications, radiological parameters, and cost of the implants were evaluated in both groups.ResultsNo statistical differences in clinical outcomes, operative blood loss, hospital stay, restoration of cervical lordosis or segment height, postoperative complications, and fusion rate were found between the ACDF (middle vertebra with screw) and ACDF (middle vertebra without screw) groups (P > 0.05). But the operative time of added screw placement and cost of implants in the ACDF (middle vertebra without screw) group were significantly less than the ACDF (middle vertebra with screw) group (P < 0.05).ConclusionTwo kinds of screw placement with ACDF were found to be similar in terms of clinical outcomes. However, ACDF (middle vertebra without screw) was found to be superior to ACDF (middle vertebra with screw) in terms of the screw placement time and cost of implants.